diff --git a/packages/runtime-core/src/component.ts b/packages/runtime-core/src/component.ts
index 3ed42ed0b55..a4051e4a1b5 100644
--- a/packages/runtime-core/src/component.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime-core/src/component.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,12 @@ import {
   initSlots,
 } from './componentSlots'
 import { warn } from './warning'
-import { ErrorCodes, callWithErrorHandling, handleError } from './errorHandling'
+import {
+  ErrorCodes,
+  callWithAsyncErrorHandling,
+  callWithErrorHandling,
+  handleError,
+} from './errorHandling'
 import {
   type AppConfig,
   type AppContext,
@@ -67,6 +72,7 @@ import {
   extend,
   getGlobalThis,
   isArray,
+  isAsyncFunction,
   isFunction,
   isObject,
   isPromise,
@@ -860,15 +866,14 @@ function setupStatefulComponent(
     const setupContext = (instance.setupContext =
       setup.length > 1 ? createSetupContext(instance) : null)
     const reset = setCurrentInstance(instance)
-    const setupResult = callWithErrorHandling(
-      setup,
-      instance,
-      ErrorCodes.SETUP_FUNCTION,
-      [
-        __DEV__ ? shallowReadonly(instance.props) : instance.props,
-        setupContext,
-      ],
-    )
+    const setupResult = (
+      isAsyncFunction(setup)
+        ? callWithAsyncErrorHandling
+        : callWithErrorHandling
+    )(setup, instance, ErrorCodes.SETUP_FUNCTION, [
+      __DEV__ ? shallowReadonly(instance.props) : instance.props,
+      setupContext,
+    ])
     const isAsyncSetup = isPromise(setupResult)
     resetTracking()
     reset()
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/general.ts b/packages/shared/src/general.ts
index 9c6a2313240..573f3da50c0 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/general.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/general.ts
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ export const isRegExp = (val: unknown): val is RegExp =>
   toTypeString(val) === '[object RegExp]'
 export const isFunction = (val: unknown): val is Function =>
   typeof val === 'function'
+export const isAsyncFunction = (val: unknown): val is Function =>
+  typeof val === 'function' && toTypeString(val) === '[object AsyncFunction]'
 export const isString = (val: unknown): val is string => typeof val === 'string'
 export const isSymbol = (val: unknown): val is symbol => typeof val === 'symbol'
 export const isObject = (val: unknown): val is Record<any, any> =>