The issue is caused by incompatibility between llvm 14 provided in ubuntu-22.04 image and the much newer kernel configured with high-entropy ASLR.

[Ucg2c3]

          The issue is caused by incompatibility between llvm 14 provided in ubuntu-22.04 image and the much newer kernel configured with high-entropy ASLR.

In 20240304.1.0:

$ sudo sysctl -a | grep vm.mmap.rnd
vm.mmap_rnd_bits = 28
vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits = 8

In 20240310.1.0:

$ sudo sysctl -a | grep vm.mmap.rnd
vm.mmap_rnd_bits = 32
vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits = 16

The isue was fixed in newer versions of llvm:
llvm/llvm-project@fb77ca0
https://reviews.llvm.org/D148280

So, we either need:

1. an updated version of llvm/clang that will be compatible with a new kernel.
2. or a kernel config change to reduce the entropy.
3. or a global sysctl change to set vm.mmap_rnd_bits = 28.

As a workaround the following addition to the workflow makes builds to work with a new image:

    - name: Fix kernel mmap rnd bits
      # Asan in llvm 14 provided in ubuntu 22.04 is incompatible with
      # high-entropy ASLR in much newer kernels that GitHub runners are
      # using leading to random crashes: https://reviews.llvm.org/D148280
      run: sudo sysctl vm.mmap_rnd_bits=28

Originally posted by @igsilya in actions/runner-images#9491 (comment)